Harpy Eagle

            The Harpy Eagle (Harpia harpyja) is the top predator in the emergent layer of the Amazon Rainforest and a significant predator within the canopy. Their primary prey includes monkeys and sloths—both of which pose unique challenges: monkeys are agile and employ excellent evasive maneuvers, while sloths rely on camouflage. Due to the fact that Harpy Eagles are the apex predators of at least the emergent layer, they can be considered keystone species in that ecosystem.

Unlike many eagles that soar high above in open skies to spot prey, Harpy Eagles maneuver deftly through thick forest canopies to ambush their targets (American Bird Conservancy). This hunting style is more akin to hawks than traditional eagles, underscoring the Harpy Eagle’s impressive adaptability and power.

Currently, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) classifies the Harpy Eagle as Vulnerable. The main threats are habitat loss—especially of primary rainforest—and, to some extent, human persecution. As top predators with large home ranges, Harpy Eagles are particularly sensitive to deforestation. While other big cats, like jaguars, can sometimes adapt to different tropical environments, Harpy Eagles depend on contiguous rainforest habitat to thrive.

References:

Harpy Eagle American Bird Conservancy

https://abcbirds.org/bird/harpy-eagle/#:~:text=With%20proportionately%20short%20wings%20and,that%20can%20exceed%2010%2C000%20acres.

Harpy Eagle IUCN Red List

https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/22695998/197957213